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PORPHYRIA FACTS: PSYCHOLOGICAL - AGITATION
What is agitation associated with acute attacks of porphyria?
Agitation is unpleasant state of extreme arousal, increased tension. and
irritability.
Agitation is often associated with anxiety, stress, and tension.
SOURCE:
Donna R. Cooper, M.D., M.P.H.,
Department of Medicine,
Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, MA.
2001
++++++++++++++++++++
Can agitation become severe?
Extreme agitation can lead to confusion, hyperactivity, and outright hostility.
Agitation can come on suddenly or gradually.
It can last for just a few minutes or for weeks and even months.
External stimuli, pain, stress, and fever all increase agitation.
SOURCE:
Donna R. Cooper, M.D., M.P.H.,
Department of Medicine,
Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, MA.
2001
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Is agitation present in acute attacks?
Agitation can be seen in excerbations of acute porphyria.
SOURCE:
Psychiatric symptoms of inherited metabolic disease.
Estrov Y, Scaglia F, Bodamer OA.
Department of Psychiatry
University of California, San Diego
Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease
2000 Feb;23(1):2-6
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Can agitation be a major psychiatric symptoms of acute porphyria?
"Psychiatric manifestations include agitation. delirium, "
SOURCE:
Psychotherapy Psychosomanics
1995;64(3-4):121-30
Porphyria: reexamination of psychiatric implications.
Burgovne K, Swartz R, Ananth J.
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance 90509.
There can be emotional and psychiatric problems such as agitation.
SOURCE:
The Canadian Porphyria Foundation Inc.
Neepawa, Manitoba, Canada
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) is common during the acute
attack and is reflected in various mental symptoms such as agitation."
SOURCE:
Acute Porphyrias: Pathogenesis of
Neurological Manifestations
Urs. A Meyers M.D. et. al.
Seminars in Liver Disease
Vol. 18, Number 1
January 1998
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Can agitation become severe?
Extreme agitation can lead to confusion, hyperactivity, and outright hostility.
Agitation can come on suddenly or gradually.
It can last for just a few minutes or for weeks and even months.
External stimuli, pain, stress, and fever all increase agitation.
SOURCE:
Donna R. Cooper, M.D., M.P.H.,
Department of Medicine,
Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, MA.
2001
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
How can one best decrease agitation in the porphyria patient?
A calm environment, plenty of sleep, adequate lighting, and any measure to
reduce stress may help to decrease agitation.
Avoid restraining an overly-agitated person if possible, since this usually makes
the problem worse.
Communication of feelings is important.
Be sure that electrolytes are inproper balance.
SOURCE:
Donna R. Cooper, M.D., M.P.H.,
Department of Medicine,
Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, MA.
2001
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Agitation often presents as symptom of the acute porphyrias.
SOURCE:
Robert Johnson MD
Internal Medicine
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
In acute porhyrias there are neurological symptoms, including agitation, which
cannot be explained.
Administration of barbiturates to sedate an agitated patient would be
counterproductive.
The use of barbiturates would further activate ALA synthase, and result in more
rapid clinical deterioration and the risk of death."
SOURCE:
The Porphyrias
Medical School
University of Utah
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
In acute porhyrias there are neurological symptoms, including agitation, which
cannot be explained.
Administration of barbiturates to sedate an agitated patient would be
counterproductive.
The use of barbiturates would further activate ALA synthase, and result in more
rapid clinical deterioration and the risk of death.
SOURCE:
The Porphyrias
Medical School
University of Utah
+++++++++++++++++++
calm environment, plenty of
sleep, adequate lighting, and
any measure to reduce stress
may help to decrease agitation.
Avoid restraining an overly-agitated
person if possible, since this
usually makes the problem worse.
Communication of feelings is important.
Be sure that electrolytes are in proper balance.
SOURCE:
Donna R. Cooper, M.D., M.P.H.,
Department of Medicine,
Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, MA.
2001
++++++++++++++++++
Agitation can be seen in acut porphyria attacks.
SOURCE:
Psychiatric symptoms of inherited metabolic disease.
Estrov Y, Scaglia F, Bodamer OA.
Department of Psychiatry
University of California, San Diego
Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease
2000 Feb;23(1):2-6
++++++++++++++++
Agitgation can increase over time and develop into severe hostility.
SOURCE:
Dr. Kenneth Carlson
Neuropsychiatric
+++++++++++++++
Extreme agitation can lead to confusion, hyperactivity, and outright hostility.
Agitation can come on suddenly or gradually.
It can last for just a few minutes or for weeks and even months.
External stimuli, pain, stress, and fever all increase agitation.
SOURCE:
Donna R. Cooper, M.D., M.P.H.,
Department of Medicine,
Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, MA.
2001
++++++++++++++++++++++
Stress in everyday life can increase the level of one’s agitation.
SOURCE:
Dr. Kenneth Carlson
Neuropsychiatric
+++++++++++++++++++++
Agitation can be seen in excerbation of acute porphyria.
SOURCE:
Psychiatric symptoms of inherited metabolic disease.
Estrov Y, Scaglia F, Bodamer OA.
Department of Psychiatry
University of California, San Diego
Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease
2000 Feb;23(1):2-6
++++++++++++++++++++
Agitation is common during the
acute attack and is reflected in
various mental symptoms presented.
SOURCE:
Acute Porphyrias: Pathogenesis of
Neurological Manifestations
Urs. A Meyers M.D. et. al.
Seminars in Liver Disease
Vol. 18, Number 1
January 1998
++++++++++++++++
Psychiatric manifestations of acute
porphyria include agitation."
SOURCE:
Psychotherapy Psychosomanics
1995;64(3-4):121-30
Porphyria: reexamination of psychiatric implications.
Burgovne K, Swartz R, Ananth J.
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance 90509.
++++++++++++++++++
There can be emotional and psychiatric
problems such as agitation.
SOURCE:
The Canadian Porphyria Foundation Inc.
Neepawa, Manitoba, Canada
+++++++++++++++++++
Involvement of the central nervous system (CNS)
is common during the acute attack and is reflected
in various mental symptoms such as agitation."
SOURCE:
Acute Porphyrias: Pathogenesis of
Neurological Manifestations
Urs. A Meyers M.D. et. al.
Seminars in Liver Disease
Vol. 18, Number 1
January 1998
+++++++++++++++++++++++
Psychiatric manifestations include agitation. delirium,
SOURCE:
Psychotherapy Psychosomanics
1995;64(3-4):121-30
Porphyria: reexamination of psychiatric implications.
Burgovne K, Swartz R, Ananth J.
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center,
Torrance 90509.
++++++++++++
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DISCLAIMER
PORPHYRIA FACTS is a medical education website dedicated to helping you focus your research on the inherited metabolic
diseases known as the "Porphyrias".
PORPHYRIA FACTS is for individuals seeking information on Porphyria. The specific focus is on education, and research
in the porphyrias.
PORPHYRIA FACTS present medical citations from medical professionals and others qualified and knowledgeable in the porphyrias.
PORPHYRIA FACTS takes no responsibility for medical information that is discussed here. You are encouraged to always
seek medical advice before trying any new protocols. Open communication with your physician is important in developing effective
treatment protocols.
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